Learn Windows XP Professional: Troubleshooting TCP/IP – Part 1 (Page 4) Page 4

ROUTE – You can use
the route command line tool to display the current IP
routing table and add or delete IP routes.

ROUTE [-f]
[-p] [command] [destination] [MASK netmask] [gateway]
[METRIC metric] [IF interface]

• -f – Clears
  the routing tables of all gateway entries. If this is used
  in conjunction with one of the commands, the tables are
  cleared prior to running the command.
• -p – When
  used with the ADD command, makes a route persistent across
  boots of the system. By default, routes are not preserved
  when the system is restarted. Ignored for all other
  commands, which always affect the appropriate persistent
  routes.

Commands:

• PRINT –
  Prints a route.
• ADD – Adds
  a route.
• DELETE –
  Deletes a route.
• CHANGE –
  Modifies an existing route.

• 
  destination – Specifies the host.
• MASK 
  – Specifies that the next parameter is the ‘netmask’ value.
• netmask –
  Specifies a subnet mask value for this route entry. If not
  specified, it defaults to 255.255.255.255.
• gateway –
  Specifies gateway.
• interface
  – Specifices the interface number for the specified route.
• METRIC –
  Specifies the metric, ie. cost for the destination.

All symbolic names used for destination are looked up in the
network database file NETWORKS. The symbolic names for
gateway are looked up in the host name database file HOSTS.

If the command is PRINT or DELETE, destination or gateway
can be a wildcard (wildcard is specified as a star ‘*’), or
the gateway argument may be omitted.

If Dest contains a * or ?, it is treated as a shell pattern,
and only matching destination routes are printed. The ‘*’
matches any string, and ‘?’ matches any one char. Examples:
157.*.1, 157.*, 127.*, *224*.

Invalid MASK generates an error; that is, when (DEST & MASK)
!= DEST.

Example:

route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 155.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 IF 1

The route addition failed: The specified mask parameter is

invalid. (Destination & Mask) != Destination.

Examples:


route PRINT
route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 255.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 METRIC 3 IF 2
    destination^     ^mask   ^gateway     
metric^      ^Interface

If IF is not given, it tries to find the best interface for
a given gateway.

route PRINT 112* .... Only prints those matching 112*
route CHANGE 112.0.0.0 MASK 255.0.0.0 112.89.8.5 METRIC 2 IF
2

CHANGE is used to modify gateway and/or metric only.

HOSTNAME – Hostname is used to show the local
computer’s host name for authentication by the Remote Copy
Protocol (RCP), Remote Shell (RSH), and Remote Execution
(REXEC) tools.

TRACERT – Tracert is
sometimes used to verify that IP addressing has been
correctly configured on a client. It will basically show the
route taken to reach a remote system. 

Usage: tracert [-d] [-h
maximum_hops] [-j host-list] [-w timeout] target_name

Options:

• -d – Do not
  resolve addresses to hostnames.
• -h maximum_hops – Maximum number of hops to search for target.
• -j host-list – Loose source route along host-list.
• -w timeout – Wait timeout milliseconds for each reply.